Jaskamal Kainth

한국어 학습 노트 (Korean Learning Notes)

My journey of learning Korean language and culture

Course Levels

🎯 Level 1 - Foundation Korean

✅ Completed 13 Classes • March - June 2025

Mastered Korean alphabet (Hangul), basic grammar, numbers, time expressions, and fundamental conversation skills including greetings, self-introduction, and daily activities.

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📚 Class Notes

Class 1 March 21, 2025 (2025년 3월 21일) Introduction to Korean alphabet (Hangul) - basic consonants and vowels created by King Sejong in 1443
Class 2 March 28, 2025 (2025년 3월 28일) Complex consonants, complex vowels, basic vocabulary, and Korean drinking/food culture
Class 3 April 4, 2025 (2025년 4월 4일) Batchim rules (final consonant sounds), consonant assimilation, Korean greetings, and food vocabulary
Class 4 April 11, 2025 (2025년 4월 11일) Self-introduction (이에요/예요), nationality, occupation, topic markers (은/는), and Korean home vocabulary
Class 5 April 17, 2025 (2025년 4월 17일) Daily activities and places, present tense verbs, three levels of formality, and Korean greeting culture
Class 6 April 25, 2025 (2025년 4월 25일) Locations and positions, existence (있다/없다), subject markers (이/가), and Korean festivals
Class 7 May 9, 2025 (2025년 5월 9일) Shopping vocabulary, Sino-Korean numbers, object markers (을/를), and months of the year
Class 8 May 16, 2025 (2025년 5월 16일) Days of the week, counters with Native Korean numbers, body parts, and Korean traditional clothing
Class 9 May 23, 2025 (2025년 5월 23일) Past tense expressions (-았어요/-었어요), location markers (에서), and Korean transportation vocabulary
Class 10 May 30, 2025 (2025년 5월 30일) Seasons and weather expressions, temperature reading, negation (안), and connecting words (도, 그리고)
Class 11 June 6, 2025 (2025년 6월 6일) Time expressions, making appointments, time markers (에), duration (부터~까지), and prohibitive forms
Class 12 June 13, 2025 (2025년 6월 13일) Making suggestions and appointments using -(으)ㄹ까요?, -자/-ㅂ시다, and expressing desires with -고 싶어요
Class 13 June 20, 2025 (2025년 6월 20일) Weekend activities, future plans, grammar pattern: -(으)ㄹ 거예요

🚀 Level 2 - Intermediate Korean

🔄 In Progress 10 Classes • September - December 2025

Building on foundation knowledge to develop intermediate conversation skills, complex grammar patterns, and expanded vocabulary for daily communication.

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📚 Class Notes

Class 1 September 12, 2025 (2025년 9월 12일) Essential connecting grammar: -고 (and), 그런데 (but/however), 도 (also/too) for linking actions and adding emphasis
Class 2 September 19, 2025 (2025년 9월 19일) Connecting sentences (그런데), Korean counters review, text/email comprehension, and intermediate grammar patterns (에게/에게서, 때문에, 수 있어요/없어요)
Class 3 September 26, 2025 (2025년 9월 26일) Chapter 2: 취미 활동 (Hobby Activities) - Grammar: 못 (cannot/unable to) and -아서/어서 (because/since), hobby vocabulary, expressing abilities and reasons
Class 4 October 17, 2025 (2025년 10월 17일) Ch2: frequency/reason dialogues; Read&Write: 축사모 poster (Sat 7 a.m., Hana Univ) + Badminton OX (2 correct). Ch3: food ordering/taste; dialogues (ordering, preference); grammar: -(으)ㄹ래요, 무슨+N, 그러면/그런데/그래서; vocab: core dishes & taste adjectives.
Class 5 October 31, 2025 (2025년 10월 31일) Chapter 3: Menu ordering, Read & Write poster, restaurant intro.
Class 6 November 7, 2025 (2025년 11월 7일) CHAPTER: 교통 (Transportation) - Grammar: 이/가 걸리다 (it takes [time]), …에서 …까지 (from … to …); Vocabulary: transportation modes and verbs; Dialogues: asking how you go/come, directions with transfers; Practice: durations (얼마나 … 걸려요/걸렸어요), routes, commute talk.
Class 7 November 14, 2025 (2025년 11월 14일) CHAPTER: 교통 (Transportation) - Grammar: …에서 …까지, [교통수단]을/를 타고 가다/오다/다니다, 갈아타다, 내리다, (시간)이/가 걸리다, -(으)세요; Practice: transfer routes, where to get off, durations; Read & Write: Airport→city table, Beijing→hometown reading; Vocab: transportation/route words and common places.
Class 8 November 28, 2025 (2025년 11월 28일) CHAPTER: 길 찾기 (Finding the way) - Grammar: (으)로 (toward/into/by), -아서/어서 (sequence); Actions: 건너다/지나다, 들어가다/나오다/올라가다/내려가다; Patterns: 오른쪽/왼쪽(으)로, 똑바로(쭉) 가세요; Tasks: "오시는 길" style directions.
Class 9 December 5, 2025 (2025년 12월 5일) Theme: 회사생활 (Office life) - Vocab: 출근/퇴근, 근무시간, 회의, 제안서/서류, 첨부/복사/출력, 동료, 쉬는 시간, 점심; Patterns: -(으)면서, -(으)면 돼요, -(으)세요, -아서/어서; Practice: Q&A and office verb examples.
Class 10 December 12, 2025 (2025년 12월 12일) Chapter 5 wrap-up - Integrated directions practice using (으)로 and -아서/어서; Read & Write: "오시는 길" poster, email directions; Speaking: 위치 묻고 답하기, 집 찾아오는 안내 편지 쓰기; Vocab: 이동 동사, 방향어, 장소.
Class 12 January 9, 2026 (2026년 1월 9일) Chapter 6 - 전화 (Phone calls): ask/give phone numbers, make calls; Grammar: -아/어 주다 (do for someone), -지요 (confirmation); Vocab: phone/text/call expressions.
Class 13 January 16, 2026 (2026년 1월 16일) Chapter 6 wrap-up - phone conversation practice and application; Activities: role-plays (asking numbers, calling offices), comprehension (texts/emails), writing about phone usage; Vocab: Chapter 6 review.
Class 14 January 23, 2026 (2026년 1월 23일) Chapter 7 - 외모 (Appearance): describe appearance and clothing; Grammar: -(으)ㄴ (adjective modifier), -고 있다 (wearing/current state); Vocab: 외모, 옷차림.

Cultural Videos & Songs from Classes

🎵 Korean Songs & Poems

Korean Happy Birthday Song

생일 축하합니다 (saengil chukahamnida) - Happy birthday to you
사랑하는 (name) 씨 (saranghaneun ... ssi) - Dear (name)

Three Bears Song (곰 세 마리)

곰 세 마리가 한 집에 있어 (gom se mariga han jibe isseo)
Three bears are in one house
아빠 곰은 뚱뚱해 (appa gomeun ttungttunghae)
Daddy bear is fat
엄마 곰은 날씬해 (eomma gomeun nalssinhae)
Mommy bear is slim
애기 곰은 너무 귀여워 (aegi gomeun neomu gwiyeowo)
Baby bear is very cute
으쓱 으쓱 잘한다 (eusseuk eusseuk jalhanda)
Wiggle wiggle well done!

Twinkle Little Star (반짝 반짝 작은 별)

Unity Haiku (통일 하이쿠)

우리 이름이 달라도
우리는 같은 하늘 아래 살아요
우리는 하나예요 - JK
Though our names, cultures, religions, and countries may differ, we all live under the same sky and are one.

Quick Reference

한글 (Hangul)

Basic Vowels:
ㅏ (a)
ㅛ (yo)
ㅑ (ya)
ㅜ (u)
ㅓ (eo)
ㅠ (yu)
ㅕ (yeo)
ㅡ (eu)
ㅗ (o)
ㅣ (i)
Basic Consonants:
ㄱ (g/k)
ㅈ (j)
ㄴ (n)
ㅊ (ch)
ㄷ (d/t)
ㅋ (k)
ㄹ (r/l)
ㅌ (t)
ㅁ (m)
ㅍ (p)
ㅂ (b/p)
ㅎ (h)
ㅅ (s)
ㅇ (silent/ng)
Complex Consonants:
ㄲ (kk)
ㅆ (ss)
ㄸ (tt)
ㅉ (jj)
ㅃ (pp)
Stronger than basic
Complex Vowels:
ㅐ (ae - like "care")
ㅝ (wo - like "wonder")
ㅒ (yae - like "yam")
ㅞ (we - like "wedding")
ㅔ (e - like "bed")
ㅟ (wi - like "week")
ㅖ (ye - like "yes")
ㅢ (ui - like "gooey")
ㅘ (wa - like "water")
ㅙ (wae - like "wet")
ㅚ (oe - like "wet")

Pronunciation Rules

Batchim Rules:
ㄱ,ㅋ,ㄲ → [k] (수박=su-bak)
ㅁ → [m] (밤=bam)
ㄴ → [n] (안=an)
ㅂ,ㅍ → [p] (집=jip)
ㄷ,ㅅ,ㅆ,ㅈ,ㅊ,ㅌ,ㅎ → [t] (옷=ot)
ㅇ → [ng] (공=gong)
ㄹ → [l] (달=dal)
Assimilation:
ㅂ+ㄴ → [m-n] (입니다→[임니다])
같이 → [가치] (ga-chi=together)
ㅎ Neutralization:
Final position: silent (좋다→[조타])
Before consonants: silent (않고→[안꼬])
Double Batchim:
Word end/before consonant: one consonant
Before vowel: second moves to next syllable

Numbers

Sino-Korean (dates, money, minutes, years, phone numbers, addresses, mathematical calculations):
일 (il - 1)
십 (sip - 10)
이 (i - 2)
백 (baek - 100)
삼 (sam - 3)
천 (cheon - 1K)
사 (sa - 4)
만 (man - 10K)
오 (o - 5)
억 (eok - 100M)
육 (yuk - 6)
조 (jo - 1T)
칠 (chil - 7)
팔 (pal - 8)
구 (gu - 9)
Native Korean (counting objects, people, animals, hours 1-12, age, ordering food/drinks):
하나 (hana - 1)
열 (yeol - 10)
둘 (dul - 2)
열하나 (yeol hana - 11)
셋 (set - 3)
스물 (seumul - 20)
넷 (net - 4)
서른 (seoreun - 30)
다섯 (daseot - 5)
마흔 (maheun - 40)
여섯 (yeoseot - 6)
쉰 (swin - 50)
일곱 (ilgop - 7)
예순 (yesun - 60)
여덟 (yeodeol - 8)
일흔 (ilheun - 70)
아홉 (ahop - 9)
여든 (yeodeun - 80)
아흔 (aheun - 90)

Time

Months:
1월 (irwol - Jan)
7월 (chirwol - Jul)
2월 (iwol - Feb)
8월 (palwol - Aug)
3월 (samwol - Mar)
9월 (guwol - Sep)
4월 (sawol - Apr)
10월 (siwol - Oct)
5월 (owol - May)
11월 (sibil-wol - Nov)
6월 (yuwol - Jun)
12월 (sibi-wol - Dec)
Days:
월요일 (wol-yoil - Monday/Moon)
금요일 (geum-yoil - Friday/Gold)
화요일 (hwa-yoil - Tuesday/Fire)
토요일 (to-yoil - Saturday/Earth)
수요일 (su-yoil - Wednesday/Water)
일요일 (il-yoil - Sunday/Sun)
목요일 (mok-yoil - Thursday/Wood)
Time Format:
오전 (ojeon - AM)
분 (bun - minute)
오후 (ohu - PM)
시 (si - used after hour)
시간 (sigan - hour)
Examples:
3:05 PM → 오후 세 시 오 분
12:00 PM → 오후 열두 시
9:30 AM → 오전 아홉 시 삼십 분
Note: Native Korean for hours, Sino-Korean for minutes

Grammar & Formality

Markers:
이/가 (i/ga - subject: consonant+이, vowel+가)
을/를 (eul/reul - object: consonant+을, vowel+를)
은/는 (eun/neun - topic: consonant+은, vowel+는)
에 (e - location/time marker for places and times)
Formality Levels:
반말 (banmal - casual: no ending or -아/어)
-습니다/-습니까 (seumnida/seumnikka - formal)
-요 (polite ending)
-십니다/-십니까 (simnida/simnikka - highest)

Essential Vocabulary

Greetings:
안녕하세요 (annyeonghaseyo - hello)
안녕히 가세요 (annyeonghi gaseyo - goodbye to leaving)
안녕히 계세요 (annyeonghi gyeseyo - goodbye when you leave)
환영합니다 (hwanyeonghamnida - welcome)
감사합니다 (kamsahamnida - thank you)
고맙습니다 (gomapseumnida - thank you polite)
만나서 반갑습니다 (mannaseo bangapseumnida - nice to meet you)
처음 뵙겠습니다 (cheoeum boepgetseumnida - nice to meet you humble)
죄송합니다 (joesonghamnida - I'm sorry)
미안해요 (mianhaeyo - I'm sorry informal)
밥 먹었어요? (bap meogeosseoyo - have you eaten?)
식사하셨어요? (siksahasyeosseoyo - have you eaten honorific)
잠시만요 (jamsimanyo - excuse me)
Classroom:
책을 펴세요 (chaegeul pyeoseyo - open book)
알겠어요? (algesseoyo - understand?)
책을 보세요 (chaegeul boseyo - look at book)
네 알겠어요 (ne algesseoyo - yes I understand)
잘 들으세요 (jal deureuseyo - listen carefully)
아니요 모르겠어요 (aniyo moreugesseoyo - no I don't understand)
따라 하세요 (ttara haseyo - repeat after me)
질문 있어요? (jilmun isseoyo - any questions?)
읽으세요 (ilgeuseyo - read it)
질문하세요 (jilmun haseyo - ask question)
쓰세요 (sseuseyo - write it)
대답하세요 (daedap haseyo - answer question)

Verb Conjugations

Present Tense Polite (-요):
가다 → 가요 (gada → gayo - go)
오다 → 와요 (oda → wayo - come)
보다 → 봐요 (boda → bwayo - see/watch)
먹다 → 먹어요 (meokda → meogeoyo - eat)
마시다 → 마셔요 (masida → masyeoyo - drink)
하다 → 해요 (hada → haeyo - do)
Past Tense (-았어요/-었어요):
갔어요 (gasseoyo - went)
왔어요 (wasseoyo - came)
봤어요 (bwasseoyo - saw/watched)
먹었어요 (meogeosseoyo - ate)
마셨어요 (masyeosseoyo - drank)
했어요 (haesseoyo - did)
Suggestions & Requests:
갈까요? (galkkayo - shall we go?)
가세요 (gaseyo - please go)
가고 싶어요 (gago sipeoyo - I want to go)
가지 마세요 (gaji maseyo - please don't go)
안 가요 (an gayo - won't go by choice)
못 가요 (mot gayo - can't go due to circumstances)

Question Words & Useful Expressions

Question Words:
뭐 (mwo - what)
어디 (eodi - where)
언제 (eonje - when)
몇 시 (myeot si - what time)
무슨 요일 (museun yoil - what day)
몇 개 (myeot gae - how many items)
얼마 (eolma - how much)
어떻게 (eotteoke - how)
Daily Expressions:
무엇을 드릴까요? (mueoseul deurilkkayo - may I help you)
얼마예요? (eolmayeyo - how much is it)
어떻게 지내세요? (eotteoke jinaeseyo - how are you)
어때요? (eottaeyo - how about it)
좋아요 (joayo - good/sounds good)
괜찮아요 (gwaenchanhayo - it's okay)
잘 먹겠습니다 (jal meokgetseumnida - before eating)
잘 먹었습니다 (jal meogeotseumnida - after eating)

Transportation & Places

Transportation:
버스 (beoseu - bus)
지하철 (jihacheol - subway)
택시 (taeksi - taxi)
KTX (keiteekseu - high-speed rail)
버스 정류장 (beoseu jeongryujang - bus stop)
지하철역 (jihacheoryeok - subway station)
교통 카드 (gyotong kadeu - transportation card)
운전하다 (unjeonhada - to drive)
More Places:
영화관 (yeonghwagwan - movie theater)
도서관 (doseogwan - library)
백화점 (baekhwajeom - department store)
카페 (kape - café)
교실 (gyosil - classroom)
회의실 (hoeuisil - meeting room)
병원 (byeongwon - hospital)
은행 (eunhaeng - bank)

Currency & Business

Money:
원 (won - Korean currency)
천원 (cheonwon - 1,000 won)
만원 (manwon - 10,000 won)
지폐 (jipye - banknote)
동전 (dongjeon - coin)
신용카드 (sinyongkadeu - credit card)
Business Terms:
회사 이름 (hoesa ireum - company name)
이름 (ireum - name)
전화번호 (jeonhwabeonho - phone number)
이메일 (imeil - email)
주소 (juso - address)
회의 (hoeui - meeting)
약속 (yaksok - appointment)
시간이 있다/없다 (sigani itda/eopda - have/don't have time)

Korean Holidays & Culture

Major Holidays:
설날 (seollal - Lunar New Year)
추석 (chuseok - Harvest Festival)
한글날 (hangeulnal - Hangul Day Oct 9)
어린이날 (eorininal - Children's Day May 5)
어버이날 (eobeoinal - Parents Day May 8)
광복절 (gwangbokjeol - Liberation Day Aug 15)
Traditional Foods:
떡국 (tteokguk - rice cake soup for New Year)
송편 (songpyeon - half-moon rice cakes for Chuseok)
전 (jeon - savory pancakes)
갈비탕 (galbitang - beef short rib soup)
Cultural Terms:
세배 (sebae - deep bow to elders)
세뱃돈 (sebaetdon - New Year money gift)
한류 (hallyu - Korean Wave)
차례 (charye - ancestor memorial service)

Counters & Nationalities

Counters:
개 (gae - general item)
권 (gwon - book)
병 (byeong - bottle)
장 (jang - flat object/paper/tickets)
명 (myeong - person formal)
마리 (mari - animal)
사람 (saram - person informal)
Nationalities:
한국 사람 (hanguk saram - Korean)
미국 사람 (miguk saram - American)
일본 사람 (ilbon saram - Japanese)
중국 사람 (jungguk saram - Chinese)
프랑스 사람 (peurangseu saram - French)
독일 사람 (dogil saram - German)
호주 사람 (hoju saram - Australian)
베트남 사람 (beteunam saram - Vietnamese)
파키스탄 사람 (pakiseutan saram - Pakistani)
몽골 사람 (monggol saram - Mongolian)
아일랜드 사람 (aillaendeu saram - Irish)
러시아 사람 (reosia saram - Russian)

Occupations & Activities

Jobs:
의사 (uisa - doctor)
선생님 (seonsaengnim - teacher)
경찰 (gyeongchal - police officer)
간호사 (ganhosa - nurse)
공무원 (gongmuwon - civil servant)
변호사 (byeonhosa - lawyer)
회사원 (hoesawon - office worker)
학생 (haksaeng - student)
기사/운전사 (gisa/unjeonsa - driver)
기자 (gija - reporter)
요리사 (yorisa - chef)
가수 (gasu - singer)
Common Activities:
공부하다 (gongbuhada - to study)
일하다 (ilhada - to work)
운동하다 (undonghada - to exercise)
전화하다 (jeonhwahada - to call)
이야기하다 (iyagihada - to talk)
요리하다 (yorihada - to cook)
쇼핑하다 (syopinghada - to shop)
운전하다 (unjeonhada - to drive)

Food & Shopping

Korean Food:
김밥 (gimbap - seaweed rice rolls)
비빔밥 (bibimbap - mixed rice dish)
볶음밥 (bokkeumbap - fried rice)
라면 (ramyeon - ramen noodles)
떡볶이 (tteokbokki - spicy rice cakes)
삼겹살 (samgyeopsal - pork belly)
치킨 (chikin - chicken)
호떡 (hotteok - sweet pancake)
Drinks & Items:
소주 (soju - Korean alcoholic drink)
막걸리 (makgeolli - rice wine)
우유 (uyu - milk)
커피 (keopi - coffee)
물 (mul - water)
주스 (juseu - juice)
사과 (sagwa - apple)
수박 (subak - watermelon)
Condiments:
된장 (doenjang - soybean paste)
고추장 (gochujang - red chili paste)
간장 (ganjang - soy sauce)
쌈장 (ssamjang - thick soybean paste)

Body Parts & Position Words

Head/Face:
머리 (meori - head)
머리카락 (meorikarak - hair)
얼굴 (eolgul - face)
눈 (nun - eyes)
코 (ko - nose)
입 (ip - mouth)
귀 (gwi - ears)
목 (mok - neck)
이마 (ima - forehead)
턱 (teok - chin)
입술 (ipsul - lips)
이 (i - teeth)
혀 (hyeo - tongue)
Body:
손 (son - hand)
팔 (pal - arm)
다리 (dari - leg)
발 (bal - foot)
어깨 (eokkae - shoulder)
무릎 (mureup - knee)
허리 (heori - waist)
가슴 (gaseum - chest)
배 (bae - stomach/abdomen)
등 (deung - back)
손가락 (songarak - finger)
발가락 (balgarak - toe)
Position Words:
앞 (ap - front)
뒤 (dwi - back/behind)
옆 (yeop - next to)
위 (wi - above/on)
아래/밑 (arae/mit - below/under)
안 (an - inside)
밖 (bak - outside)
사이 (sai - between)
가운데 (gaunde - middle/center)
오른쪽 (oreunjjok - right)
왼쪽 (oenjjok - left)

Weather & Traditional

Seasons & Weather:
봄 (bom - spring)
여름 (yeoreum - summer)
가을 (gaeul - fall/autumn)
겨울 (gyeoul - winter)
덥다 → 더워요 (deopda → deowoyo - hot)
춥다 → 추워요 (chupda → chuwoyo - cold)
비가 와요 (biga wayo - it's raining)
눈이 와요 (nuni wayo - it's snowing)
바람이 불어요 (barami bureoyo - it's windy)
맑아요 (malgayo - it's clear)
흐려요 (heuryeoyo - it's cloudy)
습해요 (seuphaeyo - it's humid)
건조해요 (geonjohaeyo - it's dry)
따뜻해요 (ttatteuthaeyo - it's warm)
시원해요 (siwonhaeyo - it's cool)
Traditional Items:
한복 (hanbok - traditional clothing)
치마 (chima - skirt)
저고리 (jeogori - top/jacket)
한옥 (hanok - traditional house)
온돌 (ondol - underfloor heating)
한글 (hangeul - Korean alphabet)
윷놀이 (yunnori - traditional game)
제기차기 (jegi chagi - traditional kicking game)

Korean Verb Conjugation Table (해요체)

Click to expand verb table (100+ verbs)
Verb (dict.) English meaning Present Past Future
가깝다
gakkapda
to be close/near
가까워요
gakkawoyo
가까웠어요
gakkawosseoyo
가까울 거예요
gakkaul geoyeyo
가다
gada
go
가요
gayo
갔어요
gasseoyo
갈 거예요
gal geoyeyo
가르치다
gareuchida
to teach / to tell (someone)
가르쳐요
gareuchyeoyo
가르쳤어요
gareuchyeosseoyo
가르칠 거예요
gareuchil geoyeyo
가져오다
gajyeooda
to bring
가져와요
gajyeowayo
가져왔어요
gajyeowasseoyo
가져올 거예요
gajyeool geoyeyo
갈아타다
garatada
to transfer
갈아타요
garatayo
갈아탔어요
garatasseoyo
갈아탈 거예요
garatal geoyeyo
걱정하다
geokjeonghada
to worry
걱정해요
geokjeonghaeyo
걱정했어요
geokjeonghaesseoyo
걱정할 거예요
geokjeonghal geoyeyo
건너다
geonneoda
to cross
건너요
geonneoyo
건넜어요
geonneosseoyo
건널 거예요
geonneol geoyeyo
걸어가다
georeogada
to go by walking
걸어가요
georeogayo
걸어갔어요
georeogasseoyo
걸어갈 거예요
georeogal geoyeyo
걸어오다
georeooda
to come by walking
걸어와요
georeowayo
걸어왔어요
georeowasseoyo
걸어올 거예요
georeool geoyeyo
공부하다
gongbuhada
to study
공부해요
gongbuhaeyo
공부했어요
gongbuhaesseoyo
공부할 거예요
gongbuhal geoyeyo
괜찮다
gwaenchanda
to be okay
괜찮아요
gwaenchanayo
괜찮았어요
gwaenchanasseoyo
괜찮을 거예요
gwaenchaneul geoyeyo
구경하다
gugyeonghada
to see/sightsee
구경해요
gugyeonghaeyo
구경했어요
gugyeonghaesseoyo
구경할 거예요
gugyeonghal geoyeyo
귀엽다
gwiyeopda
to be cute
귀여워요
gwiyeowoyo
귀여웠어요
gwiyeowosseoyo
귀여울 거예요
gwiyeoul geoyeyo
그렇다
geureotda
to be so
그래요
geuraeyo
그랬어요
geuraesseoyo
그렇을 거예요
geureoheul geoyeyo
그리다
geurida
to draw
그려요
geuryeoyo
그렸어요
geuryeosseoyo
그릴 거예요
geuril geoyeyo
기다리다
gidarida
to wait
기다려요
gidaryeoyo
기다렸어요
gidaryeosseoyo
기다릴 거예요
gidaril geoyeyo
길다
gilda
to be long
길어요
gireoyo
길었어요
gireosseoyo
길 거예요
gil geoyeyo
깨다
kkaeda
To break, shatter
깨요
kkaeyo
깼어요
kkaesseoyo
깰 거예요
kkael geoyeyo
나가다
nagada
to go out
나가요
nagayo
나갔어요
nagasseoyo
나갈 거예요
nagal geoyeyo
나오다
naoda
to come out
나와요
nawayo
나왔어요
nawasseoyo
나올 거예요
naol geoyeyo
날씬하다
nalssinhada
to be slim
날씬해요
nalssinhaeyo
날씬했어요
nalssinhaesseoyo
날씬할 거예요
nalssinhal geoyeyo
내려가다
naeryeogada
to go down
내려가요
naeryeogayo
내려갔어요
naeryeogasseoyo
내려갈 거예요
naeryeogal geoyeyo
내려오다
naeryeooda
to come down
내려와요
naeryeowayo
내려왔어요
naeryeowasseoyo
내려올 거예요
naeryeool geoyeyo
내리다
naerida
to get off
내려요
naeryeoyo
내렸어요
naeryeosseoyo
내릴 거예요
naeril geoyeyo
놀다
nolda
to play
놀아요
norayo
놀았어요
norasseoyo
놀 거예요
nol geoyeyo
늦다
neutda
to be late
늦어요
neujeoyo
늦었어요
neujeosseoyo
늦을 거예요
neujeul geoyeyo
달다
dalda
sweet
달아요
darayo
달았어요
darasseoyo
달 거예요
dal geoyeyo
덥다
deopda
hot
더워요
deowoyo
더웠어요
deowosseoyo
더울 거예요
deoul geoyeyo
듣다
deutda
to listen
들어요
deureoyo
들었어요
deureosseoyo
들을 거예요
deureul geoyeyo
들어가다
deureogada
to go in / enter
들어가요
deureogayo
들어갔어요
deureogasseoyo
들어갈 거예요
deureogal geoyeyo
들어오다
deureooda
to come in / enter
들어와요
deureowayo
들어왔어요
deureowasseoyo
들어올 거예요
deureool geoyeyo
따뜻하다
ttatteuthada
warm
따뜻해요
ttatteuthaeyo
따뜻했어요
ttatteuthaesseoyo
따뜻할 거예요
ttatteuthal geoyeyo
뚱뚱하다
ttungttunghada
to be fat
뚱뚱해요
ttungttunghaeyo
뚱뚱했어요
ttungttunghaesseoyo
뚱뚱할 거예요
ttungttunghal geoyeyo
마르다
mareuda
to be skinny / thin
말라요
malrayo
말랐어요
malrasseoyo
마를 거예요
mareul geoyeyo
만나다
mannada
to meet
만나요
mannayo
만났어요
mannasseoyo
만날 거예요
mannal geoyeyo
만들다
mandeulda
to make
만들어요
mandeureoyo
만들었어요
mandeureosseoyo
만들 거예요
mandeul geoyeyo
많다
manda
to be many/much (only ㄴ pronounced)
많아요
manayo
많았어요
manasseoyo
많을 거예요
maneul geoyeyo
말하다
malhada
to speak
말해요
malhaeyo
말했어요
malhaesseoyo
말할 거예요
malhal geoyeyo
맑다
makda
clear
맑아요
magayo
맑았어요
magasseoyo
맑을 거예요
mageul geoyeyo
맛없다
maseotda
not tasty
맛없어요
maseobeoyo
맛없었어요
maseobeosseoyo
맛없을 거예요
maseobeul geoyeyo
맛있다
masitda
tasty
맛있어요
masisseoyo
맛있었어요
masisseosseoyo
맛있을 거예요
masisseul geoyeyo
맞다
matda
to be right / correct
맞아요
majayo
맞았어요
majasseoyo
맞을 거예요
majeul geoyeyo
맵다
maepda
spicy
매워요
maewoyo
매웠어요
maewosseoyo
매울 거예요
maeul geoyeyo
먹다
meokda
eat
먹어요
meogeoyo
먹었어요
meogeosseoyo
먹을 거예요
meogeul geoyeyo
멋있다
meositda
to be stylish / cool
멋있어요
meosisseoyo
멋있었어요
meosisseosseoyo
멋있을 거예요
meosisseul geoyeyo
모르다
moreuda
to not know
몰라요
molrayo
몰랐어요
molrasseoyo
모를 거예요
moreul geoyeyo
물어보다
mureoboda
to ask
물어봐요
mureobwayo
물어봤어요
mureobwasseoyo
물어볼 거예요
mureobol geoyeyo
바쁘다
bappeuda
to be busy
바빠요
bappayo
바빴어요
bappasseoyo
바쁠 거예요
bappeul geoyeyo
배우다
baeuda
to learn
배워요
baewoyo
배웠어요
baewosseoyo
배울 거예요
baeul geoyeyo
보내다
bonaeda
to spend (time)
보내요
bonaeyo
보냈어요
bonaesseoyo
보낼 거예요
bonael geoyeyo
보다
boda
see/watch
봐요
bwayo
봤어요
bwasseoyo
볼 거예요
bol geoyeyo
보이다
boida
to be visible / to see
보여요
boyeoyo
보였어요
boyeosseoyo
보일 거예요
boil geoyeyo
비싸다
bissada
to be expensive
비싸요
bissayo
비쌌어요
bissasseoyo
비쌀 거예요
bissal geoyeyo
빌리다
bilrida
to borrow
빌려요
bilryeoyo
빌렸어요
bilryeosseoyo
빌릴 거예요
bilril geoyeyo
사다
sada
to buy
사요
sayo
샀어요
sasseoyo
살 거예요
sal geoyeyo
사랑하다
saranghada
to love
사랑해요
saranghaeyo
사랑했어요
saranghaesseoyo
사랑할 거예요
saranghal geoyeyo
살다
salda
to live
살아요
sarayo
살았어요
sarasseoyo
살 거예요
sal geoyeyo
새다
saeda
To leak
새요
saeyo
샜어요
saesseoyo
샐 거예요
sael geoyeyo
소개하다
sogaehada
to introduce
소개해요
sogaehaeyo
소개했어요
sogaehaesseoyo
소개할 거예요
sogaehal geoyeyo
쇼핑하다
syopinghada
to go shopping
쇼핑해요
syopinghaeyo
쇼핑했어요
syopinghaesseoyo
쇼핑할 거예요
syopinghal geoyeyo
쉬다
swida
to rest
쉬어요
swieoyo
쉬었어요
swieosseoyo
쉴 거예요
swil geoyeyo
습하다
seuphada
humid
습해요
seuphaeyo
습했어요
seuphaesseoyo
습할 거예요
seuphal geoyeyo
시다
sida
sour
셔요
syeoyo
셨어요
syeosseoyo
실 거예요
sil geoyeyo
시원하다
siwonhada
cool
시원해요
siwonhaeyo
시원했어요
siwonhaesseoyo
시원할 거예요
siwonhal geoyeyo
싱겁다
singgeopda
bland
싱거워요
singgeowoyo
싱거웠어요
singgeowosseoyo
싱거울 거예요
singgeoul geoyeyo
싸다
ssada
to be cheap
싸요
ssayo
쌌어요
ssasseoyo
쌀 거예요
ssal geoyeyo
쓰다
sseuda
to write
써요
sseoyo
썼어요
sseosseoyo
쓸 거예요
sseul geoyeyo
아프다
apeuda
to be sick
아파요
apayo
아팠어요
apasseoyo
아플 거예요
apeul geoyeyo
앉다
anda
to sit
앉아요
anayo
앉았어요
anasseoyo
앉을 거예요
aneul geoyeyo
알다
alda
to know
알아요
arayo
알았어요
arasseoyo
알 거예요
al geoyeyo
연락하다
yeonrakhada
to contact
연락해요
yeonrakhaeyo
연락했어요
yeonrakhaesseoyo
연락할 거예요
yeonrakhal geoyeyo
예쁘다
yeppeuda
to be pretty
예뻐요
yeppeoyo
예뻤어요
yeppeosseoyo
예쁠 거예요
yeppeul geoyeyo
오다
oda
come
와요
wayo
왔어요
wasseoyo
올 거예요
ol geoyeyo
올라가다
olragada
to go up
올라가요
olragayo
올라갔어요
olragasseoyo
올라갈 거예요
olragal geoyeyo
올라오다
olraoda
to come up
올라와요
olrawayo
올라왔어요
olrawasseoyo
올라올 거예요
olraol geoyeyo
요리하다
yorihada
to cook
요리해요
yorihaeyo
요리했어요
yorihaesseoyo
요리할 거예요
yorihal geoyeyo
운동하다
undonghada
to exercise
운동해요
undonghaeyo
운동했어요
undonghaesseoyo
운동할 거예요
undonghal geoyeyo
운전하다
unjeonhada
to drive
운전해요
unjeonhaeyo
운전했어요
unjeonhaesseoyo
운전할 거예요
unjeonhal geoyeyo
읊다
eulda
to recite/chant (only ㅍ pronounced)
읊어요
eupeoyo
읊었어요
eupeosseoyo
읊을 거예요
eupeul geoyeyo
이사하다
isahada
to move (houses)
이사해요
isahaeyo
이사했어요
isahaesseoyo
이사할 거예요
isahal geoyeyo
이야기하다
iyagihada
to talk
이야기해요
iyagihaeyo
이야기했어요
iyagihaesseoyo
이야기할 거예요
iyagihal geoyeyo
일하다
ilhada
to work
일해요
ilhaeyo
일했어요
ilhaesseoyo
일할 거예요
ilhal geoyeyo
읽다
ikda
to read (only ㄱ pronounced)
읽어요
igeoyo
읽었어요
igeosseoyo
읽을 거예요
igeul geoyeyo
입다
ipda
to wear
입어요
ibeoyo
입었어요
ibeosseoyo
입을 거예요
ibeul geoyeyo
자다
jada
to sleep
자요
jayo
잤어요
jasseoyo
잘 거예요
jal geoyeyo
작다
jakda
to be small
작아요
jagayo
작았어요
jagasseoyo
작을 거예요
jageul geoyeyo
잘생기다
jalsaenggida
to be handsome
잘생겨요
jalsaenggyeoyo
잘생겼어요
jalsaenggyeosseoyo
잘생길 거예요
jalsaenggil geoyeyo
재미없다
jaemieotda
not fun, boring
재미없어요
jaemieobeoyo
재미없었어요
jaemieobeosseoyo
재미없을 거예요
jaemieobeul geoyeyo
재미있다
jaemiitda
fun, interesting
재미있어요
jaemiisseoyo
재미있었어요
jaemiisseosseoyo
재미있을 거예요
jaemiisseul geoyeyo
전화하다
jeonhwahada
to call
전화해요
jeonhwahaeyo
전화했어요
jeonhwahaesseoyo
전화할 거예요
jeonhwahal geoyeyo
좋다
jotda
[조따] (jo-tta) = to be good
좋아요
johayo
좋았어요
johasseoyo
좋을 거예요
joheul geoyeyo
좋아하다
johahada
to like
좋아해요
johahaeyo
좋아했어요
johahaesseoyo
좋아할 거예요
johahal geoyeyo
주다
juda
to give
줘요
jwoyo
줬어요
jwosseoyo
줄 거예요
jul geoyeyo
즐겁다
jeulgeopda
to be pleased, enjoyable
즐거워요
jeulgeowoyo
즐거웠어요
jeulgeowosseoyo
즐거울 거예요
jeulgeoul geoyeyo
지나다
jinada
to pass
지나요
jinayo
지났어요
jinasseoyo
지날 거예요
jinal geoyeyo
짜다
jjada
salty
짜요
jjayo
짰어요
jjasseoyo
짤 거예요
jjal geoyeyo
짧다
jjalda
to be short
짧아요
jjabayo
짧았어요
jjabasseoyo
짧을 거예요
jjabeul geoyeyo
쬐다
jjoeda
To sunbathe, expose to sunlight
쬐요
jjoeyo
쬤어요
jjoesseoyo
쬘 거예요
jjoel geoyeyo
찾다
chatda
to look for
찾아요
chajayo
찾았어요
chajasseoyo
찾을 거예요
chajeul geoyeyo
첨부하다
cheopbuhada
to attach
첨부해요
cheopbuhaeyo
첨부했어요
cheopbuhaesseoyo
첨부할 거예요
cheopbuhal geoyeyo
청소하다
cheongsohada
to clean
청소해요
cheongsohaeyo
청소했어요
cheongsohaesseoyo
청소할 거예요
cheongsohal geoyeyo
축하하다
chukhahada
to congratulate
축하해요
chukhahaeyo
축하했어요
chukhahaesseoyo
축하할 거예요
chukhahal geoyeyo
출근하다
chulgeunhada
to go to work
출근해요
chulgeunhaeyo
출근했어요
chulgeunhaesseoyo
출근할 거예요
chulgeunhal geoyeyo
춥다
chupda
cold
추워요
chuwoyo
추웠어요
chuwosseoyo
추울 거예요
chuul geoyeyo
크다
keuda
to be big/large
커요
keoyo
컸어요
keosseoyo
클 거예요
keul geoyeyo
타다
tada
to get on/ride
타요
tayo
탔어요
tasseoyo
탈 거예요
tal geoyeyo
태다
taeda
To clean, wipe
태요
taeyo
탰어요
taesseoyo
탤 거예요
tael geoyeyo
퇴근하다
toegeunhada
to leave work
퇴근해요
toegeunhaeyo
퇴근했어요
toegeunhaesseoyo
퇴근할 거예요
toegeunhal geoyeyo
팔다
palda
to sell
팔아요
parayo
팔았어요
parasseoyo
팔 거예요
pal geoyeyo
피곤하다
pigonhada
to be tired
피곤해요
pigonhaeyo
피곤했어요
pigonhaesseoyo
피곤할 거예요
pigonhal geoyeyo
하다
hada
to do
해요
haeyo
했어요
haesseoyo
할 거예요
hal geoyeyo
핥다
halda
to lick (only ㄹ pronounced)
핥아요
hatayo
핥았어요
hatasseoyo
핥을 거예요
hateul geoyeyo
흐리다
heurida
cloudy
흐려요
heuryeoyo
흐렸어요
heuryeosseoyo
흐릴 거예요
heuril geoyeyo
힘들다
hipdeulda
to have a hard time
힘들어요
hipdeureoyo
힘들었어요
hipdeureosseoyo
힘들 거예요
hipdeul geoyeyo

Korean Proverbs

  • 꿩 대신 닭 (Kkwong daesin dak) - "Chicken instead of pheasant"
    Meaning: When you can't get what you want, you should be satisfied with the next best thing.
    Similar to English: "A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush" or "Better than nothing"
  • 옷이 날개다 (Osi nalgaeda) - "Clothes are wings"
    Meaning: Clothes give you wings - suggesting that proper attire can help you achieve your goals
  • 그림의 떡 (Geulim-ui tteok) - "Rice cake in a picture"
    Meaning: Similar to "pie in the sky" - something that looks good but is unattainable
  • 무소식이 희소식이다 (Musosigi huisosigida) - "No news is good news"
    Meaning: When you don't hear anything, it usually means everything is fine
  • 천리 길도 한 걸음부터 (cheolli gildo han georeumbuteo) - "Even a thousand-mile journey begins with a single step"
    Meaning: Every great achievement starts with taking the first step, no matter how small